If you believe faithfulness is the right thing to do, then it doesn’t really matter if it’s in a marriage or not.
The fact that you said it felt off to you tells me you already know the answer.
As for the Bible, it’s hard to find a reference for this. Modern dating wasn’t a thing in those days.
Almost all marriages were arranged, so there weren’t the boyfriend/girlfriend dynamics we understand today, but I’m sure people fell in love out of marriage even in biblical times.
James 4:17 says, ‘whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin.’
If you know in your gut that pursuing someone else while you’re committed to someone is wrong, and you do it anyway, I say that’s sin.
It doesn’t have to be labeled adultery specifically for it to grieve God.
Sins of omission: where failing to do what’s right is treated just as seriously as actively doing what’s wrong.
I don’t wanna sound harsh, but it applies here too.
Plus, I think the deception angle is a bigger deal. Proverbs 12:22 says lying lips are an abomination to the Lord. If you’re cheating - even ‘just’ emotionally - you’re living a lie and deceiving your partner. One of the seven things God hates is a lying tongue. Cheating in any form fundamentally involves deception.
So, yes, faithfulness does carry spiritual weight before marriage.
The way I see it, love, integrity, and self-control are all fruits of the Spirit, and they don’t suddenly activate when you sign a marriage certificate. Those are supposed to define how we treat people. Period.